1. This is where you present the results you've gotten. Use graphs and tables if appropriate, but also summarize your main findings in the text. Do NOT discuss the results or speculate as to why something happened; t hat goes in th e Discussion.

2. You don't necessarily have to include all the data you've gotten during the semester. This isn't a diary.

3. Use appropriate methods of showing data. Don't try to manipulate the data to make it look like you did more than you actually did.

"The drug cured 1/3 of the infected mice, another 1/3 were not affected, and the third mouse got away."

  • Experimental evidence: you need to confront your idea with the real world and report on how well it fares. Compare explicitly your results with the best results elsewhere.
  • Acknowledge the limitations of your work.
  • Relevant and non-obvious theoretical results: it is easier for people to build on your work if there is some theory.
  • Do I have original examples and original data sets?
  • Do I have sufficient experimental evidence?'' You need to confront your idea with the real world and report on how well it fares. Compare explicitly your results with the best results elsewhere.
  • Does it contain weak unnecessary results? If you derived ten theorems but only one is necessary, throw the rest of them in your drawers. We do not want to know about useless results!
  • Is it marred by the technical details? Technical papers made of several small ideas are usually uninteresting. Similarly, we are not interested how many seconds it took on your i386 computer from 1990s or longer ago.

The purpose of the Results section is to present the key results of your research without interpreting their meaning. It cannot be combined with the Discussion section unless the journal combines the Results and Discussion into one section. The results should be presented in an orderly sequence, using an outline as a guide for writing and following the sequence of the Methods section upon which the results are based. For every result there must be a method in the Methods section. It is important to carefully plan the tables and figures to ensure that their sequencing tells a story.

1. Determine which results to present by deciding which are relevant to the question(s) presented in the Introduction irrespective of whether or not the results support the hypothesis(es). The Results section does not need to include every result you obtained or observed.

2. Organize the data in the Results section in either chronological order according to the Methods or in order of most to least important. Within each paragraph, the order of most to least important results should be followed.

3. Determine whether the data are best presented in the form of text, figures, graphs, or tables.

4. Summarize your findings and point the reader to the relevant data in the text, figures and/or tables. The text should complement the figures or tables, not repeat the same information.

5. Describe the results and data of the controls and include observations not presented in a formal figure or table, if appropriate.

6. Provide a clear description of the magnitude of a response or difference. If appropriate, use percentage of change rather than exact data.

7. Make sure that the data are accurate and consistent throughout the manuscript.

8. Summarize the statistical analysis and report actual P values for all primary analyses.

9. Use the past tense when you refer to your results.

10. Number figures and tables consecutively in the same sequence they are first mentioned in the text. Depending on the journal, they should be in order at the end of the report after the References, or located appropriately within the text of your results section.

11. Provide a heading for each figure and table. Depending on the journal the table titles and figure legends should be listed separately or located above the table or below the figure. Each figure and table must be sufficiently complete that it could stand on its own, separate from the text.

12. Write with accuracy, brevity and clarity.